LETTERS FROM ARMENIA

[page ix]

LETTER		PAGE
I.	ARRIVAL AT CONSTANTINOPLE — VISIT TO THE BRITISH EMBASSY	1
II.	VISIT TO JUDGE TARRING — A FRIENDS' MEETING IN STAMBOUL — ROBERT COLLEGE — VISIT TO THE PATRIARCH IZMIRLIAN — FRIENDS OF THE SUFFERING ARMENIANS AT CHALCEDON, ETC.	6
III.	ARRIVAL OF THE " TESKEREH " — THE NEWLY DISCOVERED SIXTH-CENTURY GOSPELS	15
IV.	PROJECTED DEPARTURE FROM SMYRNA TO ALEXANDRETTA — AN AMERICAN LADY MISSIONARY FROM THE INTERIOR — POSSIBILITY OF ARMENIAN EMIGRATION	17
V.	ARRIVAL AT ALEXANDRETTA — START FOR THE INTERIOR	22
VI.	JOURNEY TO AINTAB — TROUBLES AT KILLIS — AN EARLY START BAULKED — A HARD NIGHT — ARRIVAL AT AINTAB	27
VII.	AMERICAN BRAVERY — OFFICIAL HYPOCRISY AND FATALISM — DETAILS OF THE GREAT MASSACRE — INSULTS TO ENGLAND — OCCUPATIONS OF ARMENIAN WOMEN — SOME COMPASSIONATE TURKS, ETC	30
VIII.	AMERICAN CIVILISATION IN THE MIDST OF TURKISH DESOLATION — REVIVAL OF RELIGION IN AINTAB — REMARKABLE SERVICES IN THE OLD GREGORIAN AND PROTESTANT CHURCHES	41
IX.	CROSSING THE EUPHRATES — DRYING UP OF THE GREAT RIVER — DIFFUSION OF THE KURDS — MISS SHATTUCK, THE HEROINE OF OURFA, ETC	49
X.	A MORNING WITH MISS SHATTUCK AT OURFA	54
XI.	HOUSE HIRED IN OURFA — ANCIENT LEGENDS OF EDESSA — RELIEF WORK IN THE CITY — AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL PUZZLE, ETC	59
XII.	VISIT TO THE BURNED CHURCH — A CALL UPON THE PASHA'S WIFE — HER WARM SYMPATHY WITH THE SUFFERING PEOPLE, ETC	68

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LETTER		PAGE
XIII.	A COMMUNICATION FROM SOME LEADING EDESSANS	75
XIV.	SCHEMES OF RELIEF AND SOCIAL RECONSTRUCTION — ORPHANS, WIDOWS, AND SCHOOLS	81
XV.	OUR FOURTH SUNDAY IN OURFA — WOMEN'S MEETING IN THE PROTESTANT CHURCH — AN ARMENIAN BETROTHAL — LETTERS FROM MISSIONARIES	88
XVI.	WE LEAVE OURFA AND VISIT GARMOUSH AND SEVERER — A NIGHT IN A HOVEL — MASSACRE IN SEVBREK — OUR SERVANT CLAPPED IN PRISON — A NIGHT IN A KURDISH TENT — ARRIVAL AT DIARBEKIR	96
XVII.	DIFFICULTIES AT DIARBEKIR — A ROUGH RIDE TO MARDIN — EXCURSION IN SEARCH OF MSS. — ALEXANDER IN TROUBLE AGAIN	103
XVIII.	CLOSING OF THE HIGH SCHOOL — IMPOSING CEREMONIES — VISIT TO THE JACOBITE SCHOOLS, ETC	109
XIX.	FIRST RUMOURS OF THE VAN MASSACRE	113
XX.	A MODERN SIMEON STYLITES — BRIEF ACCOUNT OF A VISIT TO THE TUR ABDIN — VISIT TO A TURKISH PRISON, ETC.	115
XXI.	JOURNEY FROM MARDIN TO DIARBEKIR — FORDING THE TIGRIS RIVER — INCIDENT AT A DESOLATED VILLAGE — NATURE AND EFFECTS OF THE MASSACRE AT DIARBEKIR — THE FRENCH CONSUL — PLANS FOR FUTURE MOVEMENTS	123
XXII.	ATTEMPTS AT RELIEF IN DIARBEKIR AND NEIGHBOURHOOD — A REVIEW OF HAMIDIYEH CAVALRY, ETC. — A SAD LETTER FROM AINTAB	130
XXIII.	JOURNEY FROM DIARBEKIR TO HARPOOT — TAURUS MOUNTAINS — SOURCE OF THE TIGRIS — HEROIC BAND OF MISSIONARIES AT HARPOOT : STORY OF THEIR PRESERVATION DURING THE MASSACRE AND IN THE PRESENCE OF DEATH	141
XXIV.	HOW TO HELP THE DESOLATED VILLAGES ? — CONDITION AROUND HARPOOT — DESPAIR OF THE VILLAGERS — PETITION FROM HOO-I-LOO FOR REBUILDING OF PROTESTANT CHURCH — VISIT TO THE VILLAGE IN RUINS — MEAL IN AN ORCHARD — ASSESSING THE TAXES OF THE DEAD UPON THE SURVIVORS — PLANS FOR FUTURE WORK — VAN, MALATIA, ETC.	147

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LETTER		PAGE
XXV.	VIGOROUS PROTESTS AGAINST WESTERN SCEPTICISM — DIFFICULTIES OF RELIEF WORK — REBUILDING OF VILLAGES, ETC	155
XXVI.	DETENTION AT HARPOOT OWING TO DIFFICULTIES OF TRANSIT STORY OF A YOUNG ARMENIAN, JUST RECOVERED FROM HIS WOUNDS, NOW PUT IN PRISON — QUESTION OF THE RELEASE OF THE MANY IMPRISONED ARMENIANS ; IS BRIBERY LAWFUL ? — A HARD CASE — EXAMPLE OF THE EARLY CHURCH — THE MISSIONARIES' DECISION — LETTER FROM OURFA — TEACHING THE WOMEN AND GIRLS — WORK FOR THE ORPHANS — "HARRIS HOME" IN FULL OPERATION — ONLY THOSE ENTIRELY ORPHANED CAN BE HELPED	160
XXVII.	ARRIVAL AT MALATIA — EXTENSIVE DISTRESS THERE — A PARADISE CITY — ACCOUNT OF THE MASSACRE — THE RUINS TO-DAY — HOW TO HELP THE PEOPLE — THE REFORM COMMISSIONER — LARGE MEETING IN A GARDEN — DEPARTURE OF J. R. H. — PASSPORTS FOR THE TWO SERVANTS — INTERVIEW WITH SHAKIR PASHA, AND WITH THE PASHA'S WIFE IN THE HAREM — A FRIENDLY BEY WHO HELPED THE ARMENIANS — EMBROIDERY WORK — BOARDING OUT THE ORPHANS: FIVE POUNDS FOR ONE YEAR — THE PRESS OF TEARFUL WOMEN — CONFISCATING THE FRUIT IN THE GARDENS — PERSECUTION OF KURDS WHO REFUSED TO MASSACRE — MISS BUSH AND DR. GATES	166
XXVIII.	OUR LAST DAY IN MALATIA : A BUSY CROWD — SELECTING FIFTY ORPHANS OUT OF FIFTEEN HUNDRED — DEPARTURE — GOODNESS OF SOME MOSLEMS — THE ZAPTIEHS — JOURNEY BACK TO HARPOOT BEGUILED BY HYMNS — WELCOME AT HARPOOT — PLANS FOR VAN	175
	MEMORANDUM : NOTES OF INFORMATION FROM J. R. H.	180
XXIX.	PRIVATE LETTER OF THANKS FOR UNEXPECTED CONTRIBUTION — BUILDING OF SCHOOLS, ETC., AT MALATIA — THE PEOPLE SET CHURCH BEFORE HOUSES — ONE THOUSAND CHILDREN TO BE ACCOMMODATED — A JOINT SCHOOL BOARD — UNION OF THE CHURCHES	191
XXX.	JOURNEY TO VAN PUT ASIDE FOR THE PRESENT — HEMMED IN AT HARPOOT — SIGNS OF TROUBLE AROUND — PRESENCE OF H. B. H. " A SAFEGUARD TO THE TOWN" — COLLEGE FLOURISHING — H. B. H. ILL WITH MALARIAL FEVER — THE GREAT NEED OF HELP FOR THE ORPHANS	199

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LETTER		PAGE
XXXI.	SUMMARY BY R. H. F. OF PRIVATE LETTER FROM H. B. H — SYMPTOMS OF FURTHER MASSACRES — THE BLOW FELL AT EGHIN — HARPOOT THREATENED — STATE OF TERROR — THE PROTESTANTS TO BE SUPPRESSED — REPORT OF THE EGHIN MASSACRE	206
XXXII.	INTENDED VISIT TO EGHIN — FURTHER REPORT OF THE MASSACRE THERE — TWO LETTERS FROM PROTESTANT ARMENIANS IN NEIGHBOURING TOWNS	212
XXXIII.	LETTER FROM J. R. H., NARRATING HIS JOURNEY OUT OF ARMENIA IN AUGUST, VISITING KHANGAL, SIVAS : MARTYRDOM OF PASTOR — TOKAT : TOMB OF HENRY MARTYN — MARSOVAN — AMASIA : CLIMATE OF PONTUS : TERTULLIAN ON MARCION — SAMSOUN — REPORT ON REBUILDING VILLAGES — FURTHER REPORT ON EGHIN MASSACRE	217
XXXIV.	ON THE EVE OF SETTING OUT FROM HARPOOT FOR ARABKIR AND EGHIN — THE LATE PANIC : MASSACRE AVERTED — THAT AT EGHIN CARRIED OUT BY THE CITIZENS : ALLEGED REVOLUTIONARY CAUSE FALSE — AT ARABKIR, THE PEOPLE STARVING — THE REPAIRED SCHOOLHOUSE AT HARPOOT WELL FILLED — COLLEGE DOING EXCELLENT WORK	227
XXXV.	DEPARTURE FROM HARPOOT — DELAYS, FAREWELLS — TOILSOME JOURNEY — ARABKIR — A FINE CITY, IN RUINS — THE BETTER CLASSES IN POVERTY — VISITS FROM THE WOMEN TILL STOPPED BY THE GOVERNOR — A HEROIC TURKISH ZAPTIEH : VISIT TO HIS SICK-BED	231
XXXVI.	LETTER FROM H. B. H. — VISITING THE WOMEN AT ARABKIR: A MEETING WITH THEM — DISORDER HARSHLY QUELLED BY THE SEXTON — JOURNEY TO EGHIN : A ROMANTIC LITTLE CITY, RUINS OF BEAUTIFUL HOUSES : SAD TALES OF THE MASSACRE THERE, AND AT FIVE NEAR VILLAGES — THE BEREAVED WOMEN IN THEIR HOMES — PROVISION OF WHEAT, BEDDING, ETC., FOR WINTER NEEDS — LETTER FROM MISS BUSH, EGHIN — LETTER FROM MISS SHATTUCK, OURFA	238
XXXVII.	JOURNEY FROM SIVAS TO MARSOVAN VIA TOKAT — HARD TRAVEL — WELCOME AT MARSOVAN — 'AN IDEAL MISSION THERE — TOILSOME JOURNEY TO SAMSOUN — LETTER FROM HARPOOT, STATING PRESENT DIFFICULTIES AND THE APPARENT INTENTION OF THE GOVERNMENT TO CLOSE THE MISSION SCHOOLS, ETC. — RELIEF WORK IN EGHIN	249

Acknowledgements:

Source: J. Rendel Harris & B. Helen Harris. Letters from the Scenes of the Recent Massacres in Armenia. London, James Nisbet & Co., Limited, 1897
Provided by: Aram Arkun, Krikor and Clara Zohrab Information Center
Scanned by: Karen Vrtanesyan
OCR: Irina Minasyan

LETTERS FROM ARMENIA

CONTENTS